BIM, meaning Building Information Modelling, is a process that supports collaborative work for creating and managing digital information about a construction project throughout its lifecycle.
Using the latest technology, during the process, a digital description of every element of the built asset is created. The process facilitates data integration from several professions like architects, engineers, developers, and other industry experts.
What are BIM models?
A BIM model is a digital representation of a physical building or infrastructure that’s rich in data.
In contrast with 2D blueprints and CAD drawings, a BIM model combines geometric data with comprehensive functional information, including:
- Material
- Cost
- Maintenance schedule
Here’s an overview of the main characteristics of BIM models:
- Data-Rich: Every element of the project becomes a smart object, which contains information like the name of the manufacturer, installation dates, and energy performance.
- Connectivity: The BIM model is live. Should a project member change any detail, such as a door size, it’ll impact (and document) schedules, cost, and quantities—this will be automatically updated during the project.
- Several dimensions: BMI models transcend 3D visuals and include extra dimensions. For example, 4D enables time integration, 5D allows for cost, and 6D and 7D support sustainability data.
What’s the difference between BIM modelling and CAD?
CAD, computer-aided design, is software rather than a process. Popularised in the 1990s, CAD has developed in time, serving as a foundation for new digital methods—such as BIM modelling.
Whilst there are similarities between CAD and BIM; they’re not the same. BIM is centred around a collaborative process that includes the design, construction, and performance of a building.
Conversely, CAD has greater emphasis on the design phase. It’s often used to create intricate models of smaller, complicated components.
Whether employers choose to use CAD or BIM, it’s important they ensure they’re using qualified and experienced contractors. For support on that, download our free construction employment contract template.
Does BIM have different levels?
Lending to its sophistication and capabilities, the process allows BIM technicians to tailor their approach to suit the needs of a specific project. Demonstrating BIM’s adaptability, there are several levels:
- Level 0 (no collaboration): At this point, BIM isn’t used, and teams will be relying on traditional methods like 2D drawings and CAD software.
- Level 1 (partial collaboration): This involves minimal collaboration—and is sometimes referred to as ‘lonely BIM’. Structures are standardised and 2D and 3D information is formed.
- Level 2 (full collaboration): This level sees teams working with a 3D environment and data is attached. However, individuals use separate BIM models according to their profession.
- Level 3 (complete integration): This stage promotes collaboration by facilitating work between all stakeholders engaged with the same BIM model.
What is BIM in construction?
BIM and construction form a fruitful relationship that has several benefits. Whether it’s providing a platform for collaboration and a holistic overview for several professions, supporting sustainability efforts, or increasing project proficiency, BIM has become invaluable in the constriction industry.
Benefits of BIM
There are several advantages when using BIM, particularly for those within the construction sector.
Benefits of BIM in construction
Let’s explore the key BIM benefits:
- Collaboration: Construction projects aren’t managed by small teams or single professionals. Instead, a BIM construction process allows for a streamlined approach.
- Sustainability: BIM for sustainable construction is a key reason for its prominence. The live updates present opportunities for energy efficiency, such as more natural lighting and greener materials.
- Faster turnaround: Delays plague construction projects. However, BIM’s sophistication mitigates this by identifying potential obstacles before they become problematic.
- Reduced costs: With BIM, logistics are optimised, meaning less material waste, refined workflows, and better cost management.
- Health & Safety: Construction is a hazardous industry—there’s a risk of injury and sometimes death. Risk assessments can prevent this, but BIM leverages simulation to highlight risks before they lead to a workplace accident.
FAQs: What is BIM?
Is BIM compulsory for construction projects?
For private sector projects, the use of BIM is recommended but not legally required. It is however mandatory for centrally procured government projects.
How does BIM impact construction projects?
Employers should include a BIM protocol into their legal agreements. This means BIM requirements take priority if there’s a conflict between the BIM model and other documents.
Who owns the data and models?
Protocols in the United Kingdom usually stipulates that intellectual property stays with the individual who created it.
Does using BIM increase insurance premiums?
Often, UK insurers see BIM as a tool that mitigates risk because of its ability to implement control measures.
How does BIM provide support after construction is completed?
Employers can request COBie data (Construction Operations Building information exchange), which provides a digital handover and reduces long-term operational expenditure.
Final say: What is BIM?
BIM modelling is an innovative tool that has helped the construction industry become more proficient, sustainable, and protect those working on projects.
Prioritising Health & Safety in construction is a legal obligation of employers. It’s especially important in the construction industry. Employers that need assistance will benefit from downloading our free construction risk assessment template.
With a focus on collaboration, it brings several professions together, optimises productivity for faster results and reduced costs.
